DECLARATIONS

All manuscripts must contain the following sections under the heading ‘Declarations’:

If any of the sections are not relevant to your manuscript, please include the heading and write ‘Not applicable’ for that section.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Please acknowledge anyone who contributed towards the article and does not meet the criteria for authorship.

For example: “I like to acknowledge hospital staff and doctors for their immense contribution”.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST/ COMPETING INTERESTS

Any conflict of interest should be declared by all authors. This may include grants or honorarium, credits and promotions, memberships or any personal or professional relationships which may appear to influence the manuscript.

Such competing interests are not unethical but should be declared.

If there are no conflict of interests, authors should still include this heading and write “none to declare.” or“Authors declared no conflict of interest.

ETHICS APPROVAL/DISCLOSURE

Manuscripts reporting studies involving human participants, human data or human tissue must:

Include a statement on ethics approval and consent, the name of the ethics committee that approved the study and the committee’s reference number if appropriate.

Studies involving animals must include a statement on ethics approval.

If your manuscript does not report on or involve the use of any animal or human data or tissue, please state “Not applicable” in this section.

FUNDING

Any company or institution who has financially contributed to the study must be acknowledged.

PATIENT CONSENT

Authors must state that the consent of the patient/guardian was taken prior to the writing of the manuscript if applicable.

AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS

The individual contributions of authors to the manuscript should be specified in this section.

Please use initials to refer to each author’s contribution in this section.

For example: “FC analyzed and interpreted the patient data. RH performed the histological examination, and was a major contributor in writing the manuscript”.

REFERENCES

Vancouver reference style and more than 50-70% of the references should be from last five years from the date of submission. A 25-30 references should be cited.

See below few examples of references listed in the Vancouver Style.

Journal Reference:

Thrift AP, El-Serag HB, Kanwal F. Global epidemiology and burden of HCV infection and HCV-related disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Feb;14(2):122-132. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2016.176.

Book Reference:

Katzung BG. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Basic and clinical pharmacology. ed. 10th, San Francisco: McGraw Hill; 2006.

Book Chapter Reference:

Lal G, Clark OH. Thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal. In: Brunicardi FC, Andersen DK, Billiar TR, Dunn DL, Hunter JG, Matthews JB, Eds. Schwartz’s Principles of Surgery. ed.10th, New York; Mc-Graw Hill; 2015: p.1521-1596.

URL (WebPage):

Iridogoniodysgenesis, Type 1. University of Arizona College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science.

http://disorders.eyes.arizona.edu/disorders/iridogoniodysgene sis-type-1. (Accessed on 3/22/2016).

E-citations:

Citations for articles/material published exclusively online or in open access (free-to-view), must contain the accurate Web addresses (URLs) at the end of the reference(s), except those posted on an author’s Web site (unless editorially essential), e.g. ‘Reference: Available from URL’.

Echocardiographic     features    of     dilated     cardiomyopathy    [Internet].Available from:https://123sonography.com/node/ 983 [cited 27 November 2016].

Some important points to remember:

All references must be complete and accurate.

• List all authors if the total number of authors is six or less and for more than six authors use et al. after six (the term “et al.” should be in italics).
• Date of access should be provided for online citations.
• Journal names should be abbreviated according to the Index Medicus/MEDLINE.
• Punctuation should be properly applied as mentioned in the examples given above.

The author must verify the references against the original documents before submitting the article.

• The Editorial Board may ask authors to submit either soft or hard copy (full length) of all the articles cited in the reference part of the manuscript.

2. REVIEW ARTICLE

A review should have unstructured Abstract (200 words), an introduction (200 words), and Discussion (up to 2000 words), with 40 to 60 references. Also give table/flow chart /diagram for better explanation of data.

Reviews are a feature of the journal that may include, but are not limited to the following types of articles:

• Systematic and substantial syntheses of specific research areas
• Evaluations of progress in specified areas
• Critical assessments with respect to issues.

ABSTRACT

The abstract should not exceed 200 words and should be unstructured. Please minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references in the abstract. Write about the search strategy e.g., from which search engines data is retrieved and of how many years’ data is included in the study.

KEYWORDS

Three to ten keywords representing the main content of the article from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) on NCBI website. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/)

INTRODUCTION (200 WORDS)

The introduction section should explain the background to the article, its aims, a summary of a search of the existing literature and the issue under discussion.

DISCUSSION (2000 WORDS)

This should contain the body of the article and may also be broken into subsections with short and informative headings.

CONCLUSION(S)

This should state clearly the main conclusions and include an explanation of their relevance or importance to the field.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

If abbreviations are used in the text they should be defined in the text at first use, and a list of abbreviations should be provided.

DECLARATIONS

For this section see details in original article section.

REFERENCES

Vancouver reference style and latest references (last five years) should be specified in this section. A 40-60 references should be cited.

3. CASE REPORT

In case report: short report of cases, clinical experience, drug trials and adverse effects can be submitted. Maximum length should not exceed 2000 words, 10-15 references, one table or two illustrations. It must contain genuinely new information.

Its format should: Title, Abstract, Introduction, Case presentation, Discussion and References. Case reports should not include review of literature.

ABSTRACT

The unstructured abstract should not exceed 150 words. Please minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references in the abstract.

KEYWORDS

Three to ten keywords representing the main content of the article from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) on NCBI website. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/)

INTRODUCTION (100 WORDS)

This section should explain the background to the case report or study, its aims, a summary of the existing literature.

CASE PRESENTATION (500 WORDS)

This section should include a description of the patient’s relevant demographic details, medical history, symptoms and signs, results of pathological tests and other investigations, treatment or intervention, outcomes and any other significant details.

DISCUSSION (1000 WORDS)

The discussion should emphasize present findings and the variations or similarities with other work done in the field by other workers. Detailed data should not be repeated in the discussion again. Emphasize the new and important aspects of the study and the conclusions that follow from them.

CONCLUSION(S)

This should state clearly the main conclusions and include an explanation of their relevance or importance to the field..

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

If abbreviations are used in the text, they should be defined in the text at first use, and a list of abbreviations should be provided.

4. META – ANALYSES

Meta-Analyses are a feature of the journal that may include, but are not limited to, the quantitative, scientific synthesis of research results within the scope of Health Sciences Australia.

Authors must clearly acknowledge any work upon which they are building, both published and unpublished.

ABSTRACT

The abstract of the manuscript should not exceed 300 words and must be structured into separate sections. (Non-structured abstract is also acceptable in case of a narrative review).

Background:

The context and objective of the review.

Methods:

How the review was performed, including data sources, study eligibility criteria, participants and interventions; study appraisal and statistical tests used.

Results:

The main findings, including results of search and assessment of evidence base.

Conclusion(s):

Brief summary and potential implications for policy/management and research.

Registration:

Authors are asked to provide registration information about the meta-analysis, including a registration number.

KEYWORDS

Three to ten keywords representing the main content of the article from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) on NCBI website. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/)

MAIN TEXT

The Main text should consist of following sections.

INTRODUCTION

This section should be written clearly explain why a meta-analysis on this topic was needed and what it aimed to contribute to the field. The section should end with the main question(s) of the review and a brief statement of what is being reported with reference to participants, interventions, outcomes and study design.

METHODS

This should include a clear description of all stages of the review process and the design of the review, the setting, the type of participants or materials involved, and the type of analysis. Describe the methods used for assessing risk of bias of individual studies, including specification of whether this was done at the study or outcome level, and how this information was used in any data synthesis. Discussions with experts and stakeholders at early stages should help identify the methodological standards for the topic of interest.

• Data extraction strategy: what sort of data do you expect to find or have finally extracted and how you computed effect sizes and their variability.
• Data synthesis and presentation: Report the qualitative and quantitative methods you used to synthesize and present the data, as well as elements you anticipate or have identified such as effect modifiers, type of methodologies and their current appraisal, biases etc.

RESULTS

• Review statistics: The number of articles found in the search and included at each inclusion/exclusion level, along with any relevant information on the distribution of the studies found (e.g. geographical location and source of study). A flow diagram (conforming to relevant reporting guidelines e.g. PRISMA) reporting the inclusion/exclusion process should be presented.
• Study quality assessment: A summary of what the different studies found, the confidence in the results of the different studies, what biases were present in each of the studies, and quality of the different studies needs to be included.
• Quantitative synthesis/Meta-analysis (when possible):If effect sizes can be calculated for the included studies which measure similar outcomes then a quantitative assessment of these effect sizes should be carried out, including summary statistics of the mean effect, confidence in the mean, the range of effects and sources of heterogeneity in the effect.
• Evidence of effectiveness: A detailed evaluation of the information on the impact of the intervention that the papers give, what evidence of an effect is there and what is the strength of the evidence including the critical appraisal of the articles. In addition, there needs to be an unbiased assessment of what level of evidence the studies provide.

DISCUSSION

Speculation within the discussion section should be limited only to suggestions for further enquiry or analysis e.g. potential reasons for heterogeneity in outcome, including the possible effect modifiers and impact of variation in the study variables such as experimental design. A section on review limitations should normally be included, including limitations due to the search strategy and bias in articles found. Gaps in the information provided by the studies should also be highlighted.

CONCLUSION(S)

This should state clearly the main conclusions of the article and give a clear explanation of the implication for policy/management summarizing the state of the evidence base and the extent to which this informs decision making in relation to the review question and any measure of uncertainty surrounding the outcome.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

If abbreviations are used in the text they should be defined in the text at first use, and a list of abbreviations should be provided.

DECLARATIONS

For this section see details in original article section.

REFERENCES

Vancouver reference style and latest references (last five years) should be specified in this section. A minimum of 25 references should be cited.

5. CLINICAL TRIALS

Clinical Trials submitted for publication must be registered in public registry, provide registration proof and all RCTs must be based on CONSORT statement. Unregistered trials will not be published. For manuscript writing see the guidelines of original article.

6. SHORT COMMUNICATIONS AND COMMENTARY

Short Communications and commentary should be a non-structured abstract 150 words, having two tables or illustrations and not more than 15 references.

7. STUDENT’S CORNER

Students contributions of CHS research based on KAP study is also accepted. The general format of the Original Article should be followed 1000 to 1500 words of content.

8. MEDICAL EDUCATION

Instructions of original article should be followed.

9. LETTERS TO EDITORS

Letters to Editors should be concise and not exceed 400 words with a maximum of 5 references.

TABLES

Legends to illustrations should be typed on the same sheet. Tables should be a supplement rather than duplicate information in the text; tables repeating information will be omitted.

Tables should be numbered consecutively in the order they are mentioned in the text. When Graphs, scatter grams, or histograms are submitted, the numerical data on which they are based should be supplied.

S.I. UNITS

System International (S.I.) Unit measurement should be used. Imperial measurement units like inches, feet, etc. are not acceptable.

FIGURES AND PHOTOGRAPHS

Photographs, X-rays, CT scans, MRI and photomicro-graphs should be sent in digital format with a minimum resolution of 3.2 mega pixels in JPEG/TIFF compression. Photographs must be sharply focused. Most photographs taken with a mobile phone camera do not fulfill the necessary requirements and, therefore, not acceptable for printing. The background of photographs must be neutral and preferably white.

Scanned photographs must have 300 or more dpi resolution. These figures and photographs must be cited in the text in consecutive order.

GALLEY PROOF READING

Final version of manuscript is sent to corresponding author for galley proof reading before publication to avoid any mistakes. Corrections should be conveyed clearly and informed to editor by e-mail.

PUBLICATION CHARGES/FEE

The fee for Publication of a manuscript to Health Science is payable when the manuscript is accepted by the editorial team and ready for publication.

 Manuscript Publication Fee:  $200 USD/-

Manuscript will be processed for publication only after the receipt of publication fee received on OJS/email.

Fast-track publication

Fast Track Processing: $300 USD/- (Peer-Review Report in eight weeks) (Seek prior permission to avail this facility).

Note: For fast-track processing half payment  ($150 USD/-) will be accepted after the initial screening approval. Fast-track processing is available only in very few selected cases because of our limitations of human resources and financial constraints. It ensures peer review reports within 8 weeks. Authors are requested not to choose fast-track processing unless it is extremely essential.

Detailed steps of a Fast-Track Review Plan

1. Submit a manuscript, and obtain a manuscript ID; after the scope, eligibility check, and initial screening by the editor, we offer a Fast-track plan.
2. The rapid review process will begin after confirmation of the half payment.
3. All following processes; editorial prerequisites check, double-blind review at least by two reviewers, and editorial decision will be concluded within said period.
4. If the manuscript is accepted for publication, the next process will be the English language accuracy check and production stage.
5. After approval of galley proof by the corresponding author, the manuscript will be published in a future issue.