prevalence and associated factors of abnormal cervical smears in women with abnormal vaginal discharge
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70765/1dgefy40Keywords:
cervical cancer, cervical smear, pap smear, human papilloma virus, oral contraception.Abstract
Objective: to determine the prevalence of abnormal cervical smears and the features of women who report abnormal vaginal discharge that are associated with them. The study set out to evaluate the associations between abnormal cervical smears and factors such as age, parity, smoking status, partner's HPV status, and oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use history.
Methodology:Three age groups of participants were identified: 30–40 years old, 40–50 years old, and 50–60 years old. Information was gathered regarding parity, the partner's HPV status, smoking habits, and past OCP use. We obtained cervical smears and examined them for anomalies. After stratifying the data according to the previously described variables, statistical analysis was done to ascertain the significance of any correlations between these variables and the frequency of abnormal cervical smears.
Result:In 29.8% of the women, abnormal cervical smear results were discovered. All age groups (27.5% for 30–40 years, 26.8% for 40–50 years, and 33.8% for 50–60 years) and parity levels (30.3% for 1-3 pregnancies and 28.6% for 4-6 pregnancies) had comparable rates of abnormal smears. Nonetheless, a noteworthy correlation was discovered between a partner's HPV status and abnormal cervical smear results; specifically, abnormal smears were identified in 47.1% of women whose partners had HPV positive status, as opposed to 26% of women whose partners had HPV negative status (p=0.015). Regarding history of OCP use (p=0.171) and smoking status (p=0.643), no significant relationships were discovered.
Conclusion: Age, parity, smoking status, and history of OCP usage are not substantially correlated with abnormal cervical smears; however, the partner's HPV status is. This emphasizes how crucial it is to take a partner's HPV status into account when developing screening and preventative plans for cervical health. Additional investigation is required to examine the fundamental causes and create focused therapies aimed at lowering the incidence of cervical anomalies.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Dr Unzila Yasir, Dr Munazza Yusaf, Dr Iqra Shams, Dr Farhar Rehman (Author)
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